30 teams for inspection of vehicles side followed by passing through Tiananmen Gate

新中国成立60周年大阅兵
台湾,祖国盼你回家团圆
对话中国:国庆60周年系列访谈
爱我中华,网民总动员

30 vehicles drove through the Tiananmen Gate side teams in turn:

First-party team 99 tanks side team, the side force by our military’s first mechanized group army of a mechanized regiment, the party team to participate in review, 99 of the 20 tanks, is China’s most advanced main battle tanks, Fang Unlike in the past 13 team parade the biggest bright spot, is to parade before the equipment “2 +4 × 4″ formation instead of “1 +2 +3 +4 × 3″ Arrow formation occurs.

The second party team is 96A tanks side team, an armored brigade from the Beijing Military Region, 20 China-made tank composed of 96A.

Third-party team is amphibious assault vehicle side team. They are from the Nanjing Military Region, where the hard bone sixth company of the armored regiment of the division. The division is our army’s first amphibious mechanized infantry division.

The fourth side team is tracked infantry fighting vehicles side team. It is formed to participate in the Guangzhou Military Region as the first National Day military parade in a side team, the Guangdong Military Region is also participating in this year’s National Day military parade in the capital, the only side team.

5th Square Team Square Team wheeled infantry fighting vehicles. He is a tiger from the Jinan Military Region Central Plains division, the division is the one with a glorious history and outstanding contributions to the heroic unit.

Sixth side team is the Marine Corps tank side team. 05-style amphibious armored infantry fighting vehicles side team established in 1980 by the Marine Corps 1st Brigade pump group, and the brigade in 1999 Zeng Yi square foot team to participate in the National Day military parade for the first time, every 10 years later, the brigade again to equip the side played in the 60th anniversary of the founding of the National Day parade.

Seventh side team is airborne chariot side team. The brigade from the airborne unit Shangganling agents to form the basis of even the Eighth Company to participate in review, home-made modern paratroopers fighting vehicle armored fighting vehicles to achieve the airborne troops, dropping two functions.

8th armored side side team is armed force. 08 a new type of explosion-proof wheeled armored vehicles side by the People’s Armed Police Force is composed of a Terrorism Prevention SWAT unit to participate by reading the 20 Chinese-made explosion of new wheeled armored vehicle in accordance with 4 × 4 formation, plus two Guided Vehicle.

Ninth vehicle side team is tracked on their own gun-howitzer side team, the party of a team from the Beijing Military Region army artillery brigades, the artillery is the high content of information, a new large-caliber artillery, in July 2007, at Beijing for the first time on public display.

10th party team is tracked self-propelled howitzers side team. The party of a team from the Beijing Military Region army infantry regiment drawn a group formed, the gun is a mechanical, electrical, hydraulic and optical technology in one, high technology, a high degree of information is the main equipment of mechanized units.

11th wheeled vehicles on their own side team is forced to howitzer side team, the party team from the Jinan Military Region, Ye Ting Independent Regiment, and the Autumn Harvest Uprising red coalition of two groups.

12th party team is wheeled vehicle assault guns on their own side team, organized by the Jinan Military Region, a division of troops.

13th team is long-range rocket vehicle side side team. The party team from the Nanjing Military Region army artillery regiment.

14th Anti-tank guided missile vehicle side side team is team, the party of a team from the Nanjing Military Region army artillery brigade is composed chiefly of heavy anti-tank missile battalion, a high degree of automation in the anti-tank missiles, armor-piercing capability, a high hit rate.

15th vehicle side team is side tracked anti-aircraft artillery on their own team, organized by the Jinan Military Region army armored regiment. The gun also in July 2007 on public display for the first time in Beijing.

16th party team is anti-aircraft missiles side team. By the Nanjing Military Region, composed of a group army to participate in review, there are missile launch vehicles, launch vehicle guidance and search command vehicle and other vehicles.

17th vehicle side team is ship-to-air missiles side team. By the “Red Sea” a model and a model two kinds of red flags made the composition of the new ship-to-air missiles.

18th vehicle side team is anti-ship missiles side team. By a model-ship missiles and air-ship missile side teams.

19th Vehicle shore side team is team-ship missile side. The side of a mobile team from the Navy shore-ship missile regiment independent ventilation group, which is our military shore-ship missile for the first time in his National Day military parade appearance.

20th China-made vehicles side team is a certain type of ground-side flag team, by the Air Force, a hero of a surface to air missile battalions. The parties refer to the home-made team could effectively constitute a new type of surface to air missiles in high-altitude air defense.

21st vehicle side team is made “Red Flag 12″ surface-side teams, from two command vehicles, 16 missile launchers component side squad. This type of missile in July 2007 in Beijing, his first public appearance.

22nd team is mobile radar vehicles, side side team, which is mobile radar side teams to participate in the National Day military parade for the first time. The total of 20 refer to the radar, 3 different models are made with international advanced level.

23rd Signal Corps square team square team is that the party team drawn from the General Staff communications station group. To participate in review, and equipped with Chinese-made new mobile communications vehicle and a new satellite scattering cars.

Fang Fang team is 24th UAV team, this is the first National Day review, unmanned reconnaissance aircraft, the National Day by reading a total of 10 unmanned reconnaissance aircraft, is divided into three kinds of models.

25th of vehicles equipped with side side team is back team, from the Beijing Military Region, composed of an armored division, the division is the army’s first open an external Army armored divisions, mainly composed of five kinds of models and equipment, respectively, front-to – staple food processing car field, field water vehicles, field sanitation and epidemic prevention vehicles, field fuel trucks, and field site vehicles.

26th vehicle side team is a new type of wind to-ground missiles, conventional side team. It clearly painted on the airframe of its type Dongfeng 15-B. The party team from a missile brigade of the Second Artillery pumping group, the brigade was formed in 1993, is the army’s first ground to conventional missile forces.

27th vehicle side team is a Dongfeng-11 missiles, both conventional side-ground team. The side force drawn from the Second Artillery Group was established and a missile brigade, the brigade was formed in 2000.

28th vehicle side team is the first appearance of the PLA land-based cruise missile force. The party brigade teams drawn from the second group, which is China’s first public appearance developed cruise missiles.

29th party team is a model of Dongfeng both nuclear and missile side team. The party brigade composed of a team from the Second Artillery, is our military’s first both nuclear and missile forces.

Finally a vehicle side team, 30th team is intercontinental nuclear missiles side side team, the party of a team from the Second Artillery brigade composed of the first column is the Second Artillery Corps, a new solid-mounted intercontinental strategic missile brigades, they are equipped with intercontinental nuclear missiles is China’s second solid mobile ICBMs.

The parade is the new China was founded 60 years since the 14th largest military parade, but also in the new century after the first major military parade. Forces to participate in the parade, Army, Navy, Air Force, Second Artillery Corps and the armed police forces and the militia and reserve forces, respectively, from the Beijing Military Region, Jinan Military Region, Nanjing and Guangzhou Military Region, Navy, Air Force, Second Artillery Corps, the Armed Police Force, PLA 4 units directly under the headquarters, as well as Beijing and other 13 large units pumping group. By reading the main body of troops are “80s”, “90 after” a new generation of officers and men.

The entire parade is divided into five steps in organizing the implementation of – mobile access, site preparation, parade, broken type, evacuation retracement of the 5 steps, watching the parade for the masses and sub-column-type in two steps, with a total time about 66 minutes. The military parade, a total of 56 teams and echelons of party, of which 14 foot side teams, equipment side force 30, air echelon 12. The National Day military parade, the equipment displayed is 100% domestically produced equipment, and nearly 90% of the first reference.

The parade and the parade past the biggest difference is to reduce the army side teams and teams square foot, an increase of arms and services team and the equipment side side team to improve the technological content of equipment, refer to the elements of a more complete, more comprehensive arms expertise and equipment type is more diverse, with strong co-sexual. One Special Forces is the first time for inspection

30个车辆方队依次驶过天安门城楼:

第一方队99式坦克方队,这个方队由我军第一支机械化集团军某机械化团组成,该方队参加受阅的20辆99式坦克,是我国目前最先进的主战坦克,方队不同于以往13次阅兵的最大亮点,是将以前装备阅兵“2+4×4”队形,改为“1+2+3+4×3”箭形队形出现。

第二方队是96A式坦克方队,由北京军区某装甲旅20辆国产96A式坦克组成。

第三方队是两栖突击车方队。他们是来自南京军区硬骨头六连所在师的装甲团。该师是我军第一个两栖机械化步兵师。

第四方队是履带式步兵战车方队。这是广州军区成建制参加国庆阅兵的第一个方队,也是广东军区参加今年首都国庆阅兵的唯一方队。

第五方队轮式步兵战车方队。他是来自于济南军区中原猛虎师,该师是一支具有光荣历史和卓越功勋的英雄部队。

第六方队是海军陆战队战车方队。05式两栖装甲步兵战车方队由1980年成立的海军陆战队第一旅抽组组成,该旅1999年曾以徒步方队首次参加国庆阅兵,间隔10年后,该旅再次以装备方队参加建国60周年国庆阅兵。

第七方队是空降兵战车方队。该旅由空降兵某部上甘岭特工连八连为基础组建,参加受阅的国产新式伞兵战斗车实现了我军装甲战斗车辆空降、空投两种功能。

第八方队是武警装甲车方队。08式新型轮式装甲防爆车方队是由武警某防恐特勤大队组成,参加受阅的20辆国产新型轮式装甲防爆车按照4×4队形,外加2辆引导车。

第九车辆方队是履带式自行加榴炮方队,该方队由北京军区某集团军炮兵旅组成,该炮是信息化含量较高的一种新型大口径火炮,2007年7月,在北京首次公开展出。

第十方队是履带式自行榴弹炮方队。该方队由北京军区某集团军某步兵团抽组而成,该炮是机、电、液和光学技术于一体,科技含量高、信息化程度高,是机械化部队的主战装备。

第十一车辆方队是轮式自行迫榴炮方队,该方队由济南军区叶挺独立团和秋收起义红二团联合组成。

第十二车辆方队是轮式自行突击炮方队,由济南军区某师部队组成。

第十三车辆方队是远程火箭炮方队。该方队由南京军区某集团军炮兵团组成。

第十四车辆方队是反坦克导弹方队,该方队由南京军区某集团军炮兵旅重型反坦克导弹营为主组成,该反坦克导弹自动化程度高,穿甲能力强,命中率高。

第十五车辆方队是履带式自行高炮方队,由济南军区某集团军装甲团组成。该炮也曾在2007年7月在北京首次公开展出。

第十六方队是防空导弹方队。由南京军区某集团军组成,参加受阅的有导弹发射车、发射制导车和搜索指挥车等多种车辆。

第十七车辆方队是舰空导弹方队。由“海红旗”某型号和红旗某型号两种国产新型舰空导弹组成。

第十八车辆方队是反舰导弹方队。由某型号舰舰导弹和空舰导弹方队组成。

第十九车辆方队是岸舰导弹方队。该方队由海军某机动岸舰导弹团独立抽组,这是我军岸舰导弹首次在国庆阅兵中亮相。

第二十车辆方队是国产红旗某型地空导弹方队,由空军某地空导弹英雄营组成。该方队参阅的国产新型地空导弹可有效构成中高空防空屏障。

第二十一车辆方队是国产“红旗12”地空导弹方队,由2辆指挥车、16辆导弹发射车组成方队阵容。该型导弹曾在2007年7月在北京首次公开亮相。

第二十二车辆方队是机动雷达方队,这是机动雷达方队首次参加国庆阅兵。此次参阅的雷达一共20部,3种不同型号均为国产,具有国际先进水平。

第二十三方队是通信兵方队,该方队由总参通信总站抽组。参加受阅的装备有国产新型移动散射通信车和新型卫星车。

第二十四方队是无人机方队,这是中国无人侦察机首次国庆受阅,此次参加国庆受阅的无人侦察机共10架,分为3种型号。

第二十五车辆方队是后勤装备方队,由北京军区某装甲师组成,该师是我军第一个对外军开放的装甲师,主要有5种型号装备组成,从前至后分别为野战主食加工车、野战进水车、野战卫生防疫车、野战加油车、野战站台车。

第二十六车辆方队是东风某新型地地常规导弹方队。它的弹体上清晰地涂着它的型号东风15—B。该方队由第二炮兵某导弹旅抽组,该旅于1993年组建,是全军第一支地地常规导弹部队。

第二十七车辆方队是东风11甲地地常规导弹方队。该方队由二炮某导弹旅抽组成立,该旅于2000年组建。

第二十八车辆方队是首次亮相的全军陆基巡航导弹部队。该方队由第二炮兵某旅抽组,这是我国研制的巡航导弹首次公开亮相。

第二十九方队是东风某型号核常兼备导弹方队。该方队由二炮某旅组成,是我军第一支核常兼备的导弹军队。

最后一个车辆方队、第三十方队是洲际核导弹方队,该方队由二炮某旅组成,是二炮部队首个列装新型固体洲际战略导弹旅,他们装备的洲际核导弹是我国第二个固体机动洲际导弹。

此次大阅兵是新中国成立60年以来第14次大阅兵,也是进入新世纪之后的第一次大阅兵。参加这次阅兵的部队有陆军、海军、空军、第二炮兵和武警部队及民 兵预备役部队,分别从北京军区、济南军区、南京军区、广州军区,海军、空军、第二炮兵、武警部队,解放军四总部直属单位,以及北京市等13个大单位抽组。 受阅部队的主体是“80后”、“90后”新一代官兵。

整个阅兵分为5个步骤组织实施——机动进入、现场准备、阅兵式、分列式、疏散回 撤5步骤,其中供广大群众观看的是阅兵式和分列式两个步骤,总时长约66分钟。这次阅兵一共有56个方队和梯队,其中徒步方队14个,装备方队30个,空 中梯队12个。这次国庆阅兵所展示的装备100%是国产装备,近90%是首次参阅。

这次阅兵与以往阅兵最大的不同,就是减少了陆军方队和徒步方队,增加了军兵种方队和装备方队,提高了装备的科技含量,参阅要素更加齐全,兵种专业更加全面,装备类型更加多样,具有很强的联合性。其中特种部队是第一次接受检阅。

60-gun salute sounded the 60th anniversary of New China’s National Day ceremony, “Prelude”

60th anniversary of New China, at 10 am today, “gun salute” is the National Day celebration on the first event. Tiananmen Square celebrations Ming-Fang 60-gun salute to mark the 60th anniversary of founding of the PRC.

56 gun salute as the focal point will be Zhengyang arched gate, avoiding Zhengyang, sitting north to south was “eight” shape and the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall in Zhengyang between the equidistant around a small plaza laid them out. 56 gun salute is divided into two groups, in 4 minutes and 20 seconds, release the turn of Ming-60 ring, it means 56 people to celebrate the 60th anniversary of founding of New China; each group of 28 gun salute at the same time Ming-Fang is a ring, a symbol of China from 1921 the Communist Party established the People’s Republic was established in 1949 passed the 28-year ups and downs.

When the first gun salute sounded, the flag guards began to proceed from the People’s Heroes Monument, followed by Salute to more than 4 seconds for each ring interval Ming Fang, to the last one-gun salute at the end of the flag guards just arrived at the flag pole base block, and complete the movement received a gun and stand at attention.

It is reported that the use of this celebration is the newly converted 94-style celebration Salute, Salute to install this type of status display lights, thicker anti-shield, increasing the national emblem size, widening tires. In order to ensure foolproof, salute the new installation of two sets of independent, intelligent controlling system, digital displays voltage, current and time, be able to salute launches prompt. When the system after a fault occurs, you can always start the manual function.

Salute to the speed of 4.33 seconds per hair Ming Fang, a total of 4 minutes 20 seconds. Soon as the end of the final salute, the “welcome to march,” just finished playing, flag flagpole to reach the base, the 60th anniversary of New China, officially opened.

Blasting of the cannon is 11 Beijing Armed Police Corps detachment of 120 Squadron Salute ceremony of artillery. 11 Beijing Armed Police Corps detachment is renowned at home and abroad, “the Republic of Salute unit.” The formation of 25 years, has successfully completed 607 times Welcome Salute Ming-Fang tasks and National Day 35,40,45,50 anniversary and to meet the Hong Kong and Macao and the Beijing Olympic Games and other major celebrations salute fireworks Ming Fang task.

Salute is a symbol of the cause of victory, Salyut is a symbol of national unity, a powerful symbol of the national salute, salute is a symbol of people’s happiness. From the founding ceremony of this year the 60th anniversary of National Day celebrations, has been used for ceremonial purposes by five generations of military salute:

First on behalf of Chinese mountain artillery. This is an infantry with artillery, founding ceremony in the election as a gun salute, precisely because it is a short gun body, light weight, easy handling, easy to use, all warheads removed Gun ago, leaving the explosives, only rings are not deep-fried. Founding ceremony 108 mountain artillery divided into two groups, each group 54, Ming-Fang 28 ring, suggesting the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party from 1921 to the founding of the PRC in 1949 a total of 28 years.

Salute is a converted second-generation Japanese small mountain artillery. The 35th anniversary of National Day in 1984, a small mountain artillery of Japan made the necessary modifications, will rotate into the rubber skin iron wood wheel, firing the hand brake wheel electric percussion, and later on the gun deck cleaning rust, painting, making new look, in line with the welcome Salute requirements. This salute, welcome the task responsible for less than a year.

Third-generation Salyut. In early 1985, China developed its own special salute in 1986, has conducted a larger remodeling in 1988, officially designated as our special Salute Welcome – 87-style welcome salvo. This salute salute the past, the advantages of pre-drawn, and the gun body apron inlaid with two brass golden emblem, beautiful and generous.

Fourth-generation Salyut. 1994 marks the 45th anniversary of China’s National Day celebration using the newly developed 94-style celebration Salute. This Salute is a factory developed over five years to come. 94-style salute not only the exterior layout and design, but also the use of safe and convenient, the gunner kneeling position from the previous loading semi-automatic filling into standing position, which is the first time in the world. Taking into account the emission in the urban areas, surrounded by large buildings, so a 45 degree angle to 55 degrees high angle of incidence. 94-style celebration to salute the first time, replaced by heavy gun rack can be folded to solve transport problems of the Salyut Tibet Chu. In addition, electric ignition, replacing the pull fire; computer-controlled timing Salute bullets replaced by manual calculation.

Fifth-generation Salyut. The 60th anniversary of National Day will be using the new 94-style salute by a plant will be old-fashioned 94-style cannons were installed status display lights, thicker anti-shield emblem to increase the size of tire, etc. 4 widening technological innovation, so that 94-style cannons scientific and technological content increase, the more spectacular style. It is learned that, after transformation of 60 new 94-type gun salute, will be divided into two groups National day, 56 Ming-Fang 60 ring, 4 as a backup

What are the performance of coronary heart disease and how to diagnose
A clinical-like syndrome:

According to their clinical coronary heart disease-like disease can be divided into five types:

1 angina type: performance as a sternum pressing a sense of nausea after the swelling sense of anxiety associated with significant sustained 3-5 minutes often diverge to the left arm shoulder lower jaw and throat can also radiate into the back of his right arm. Sometimes involving these areas After the area without affecting the breastbone. forcefully emotional catch cold meal such as increase in myocardial oxygen consumption under attack is called angina pectoris with nitroglycerin for rest and ease the sometimes atypical angina pectoris can be expressed as gas-tight syncope Weakness belch, especially in the elderly according to the frequency and severity of attacks are divided into stable angina and unstable angina. stable angina refers to the onset of angina pectoris in January over parts of the frequency of their seizure severity continued to time to onset of labor-inducing size can ease the pain of nitroglycerin dosage is basically stable unstable angina refers to the original stable angina attack frequency increase in the duration of the severity or new onset of exertional angina pectoris ( occurred within 1 month) or when the onset of resting angina with unstable angina pectoris is a precursor of acute myocardial infarction is why, once discovered should be immediately to the hospital.

Type 2 myocardial infarction: infarction often occurs about a week before the prodromal symptoms such as resting and mild physical activity during the onset of angina pectoris with obvious discomfort and fatigue infarction presenting with persistent severe oppressive sense of boredom or even a knife-like plug After the pain in the sternum often affect the entire chest to the left as the most important part of the patient can extend his left arm caused by radiation down the left side of the wrist ulnar palm and fingers, tingling and some patients may be radiation to the upper jaw to the left shoulder and neck pain-based site location consistent with previous angina pain, but continued much longer with more emphasis on rest and nitroglycerin does not relieve the performance of upper abdominal pain is sometimes easy to be confused with abdominal disease, irritability accompanied by low-heat, and cold sweat, nausea, sweating vomiting, dizziness, palpitations very weak sense of difficulty in breathing for 30 minutes or more near-death for several hours often find this situation should seek medical attention immediately

How the early detection of coronary artery disease?

Coronary heart disease is the common diseases and frequently-occurring disease in the elderly in this age group phase of the people in their daily lives if the following conditions must be promptly for medical treatment early detection of coronary artery disease

(1) fatigue or mental stress or after sternum when precordial Mentong or contraction-like pain in left shoulder and left upper arm to the radiation lasting 3-5 minutes after the break on their own remission

(2) physical activity, chest tightness, palpitation and shortness of breath when at rest on their own remission

(3) The emergence and exercise-related leg pain such as headache, toothache

(4) eat too much cold or watching a movie thriller palpitations chest pain who

(5) night of sleep to feel chest tightness, low pillow suffocating pillow lying side require a high comfort persons; sleeping supine position during the day when a sudden chest pain or palpitations shortness of breath requiring immediate sit or stand can be reduced by

(6) sexual life or forceful defecation flustered when shortness of breath or chest pains, chest discomfort

(7) heard the noise they were chest tightness caused by flustered

(8) recurring pulse arrhythmia of unknown causes too fast or too slow heart rate were

For the early detection of coronary heart disease over 40 years of age who regularly do the following test:

If the test results are not normal or have other risk factors for susceptibility to coronary heart disease should be one or more times every five years for blood cholesterol tests

Blood pressure checks every year to make a

A year to make a blood glucose testing

If it is a high risk of coronary heart disease should ask the doctor to see if you need to receive ECG if you need further examination will be arranged for a doctor to do an exercise test to measure a fixed pin in the foot car or foot treadmill ECG machine

Coronary angiography is the surest method of diagnosis of coronary heart disease

3 silent myocardial ischemic: Many patients have a wide range of coronary artery occlusion did not feel that some patients who had angina pectoris or even myocardial infarction angina when some patients did not feel that the occurrence of sudden cardiac death in heart attack routine physical examination found that before being discovered. some patients with ischemic ECG manifestations because the arrhythmia occurred or because the exercise test positive for coronary angiography being done only to find that such patients are sudden cardiac death and myocardial infarction and angina patients the opportunity to, like it should be Note that usually the heart of the health-care

4 heart failure and arrhythmia type: some patients with angina pectoris after the original lesion due to extensive myocardial fibrosis in a wide range gradually reduced to the disappearance of angina heart failure have occurred in the performance such as air-tight edema, fatigue, etc. There are a variety of arrhythmias manifested as palpitations. There are some patients with angina pectoris has never directly expressed as heart failure and arrhythmias

5 sudden death type: that due to coronary heart disease caused by unpredictable sudden death in patients with acute onset of symptoms occurred within 6 hours after cardiac arrest due to mainly due to myocardial ischemia caused by abnormal electrophysiological activity lead to serious arrhythmia

2. Signs:

In general no clear positive signs of early heavy can determined to expand the sector to the left under the first heart sound can be heard when the weakened with arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation with heart failure, and premature beats when the two can be heard under the lungs and wet rales can be heard and the apical gallop, etc.

What To Do If You Are At High Risk For Heart Disease
So you’ve done an assessment of your risk of developing heart disease, and it turns out to be high. (Click here for information on assessing your cardiac risk.) What needs to happen now?

Step 1: Take this seriously

If you have sufficient risk factors for cardiac disease to place you in a high-risk category, this means one of two things. Either your risk of developing heart disease within the next few years is high, or you already have heart disease and don’t know about it.Unfortunately, a substantial proportion of individuals upon learning that they’re in the “high risk” category turn out to already have significant coronary artery disease – they just don’t know about it because, so far, they are not having symptoms. The fact a high-risk patient is not having symptoms is no reason to relax, especially since, in 30% of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), the very first symptom is sudden death.

Being at high risk is very serious stuff, and requires a very serious response.

Step 2: Make sure your doctor is taking this seriously

Finding that a patient is at high risk for a serious cardiac event (such as myocardial infarction or sudden death) ought to elicit a certain type of response from a doctor. The doc should act with alacrity to accomplish two things: a) evaluate whether you may already have coronary artery disease, and if so, institute appropriate therapy, and b) modify all the risk factors that are producing the high risk in the first place.Because some high-risk patients will already have heretofore unknown but significant CAD, a non-invasive evaluation ought to be done to rule out this possibility. This evaluation generally will consist of a stress/thallium study. In some cases a cardiac calcium scan might be appropriate.

If the non-invasive evaluation strongly suggests CAD, then steps should be taken to reduce the chances of developing Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).

At the same time, the doctor should also lay out a clear plan for attacking all modifiable risk factors – including diet, weight loss, smoking cessation, hypertension, and cholesterol – and should initiate therapy immediately. The doc should offer you all the resources at his/her disposal to encourage and assist in exercise, weight loss, and smoking cessation, and should ride you pretty hard about accomplishing these things.

He/she should display an especially aggressive attitude toward reducing LDL cholesterol, increasing HDL cholesterol, and controlling the blood pressure, since accomplishing these tasks is usually primarily the doctor’s responsibility, and since doing so often requires using the right drug therapy in the right doses. In general, controlling cholesterol and hypertension will require fairly frequent office visits and frequent measurements of blood pressure and/or cholesterol levels, as well as many medication adjustments. This all should be done on a fairly aggressive schedule, with clear targets in mind.

Beware of the doc who puts you on a medication or two, pats you on the back, and then considers his job done. The doctor should clearly understand what “high risk” implies, and should behave accordingly. If this lackadaisical physician is also the one who neglected to mention assessing your cardiac risk in the first place, it’s time to go to someone who will actually care whether you live or die.

However, also keep in mind that doctors are human, and human nature makes it difficult to pull out all the stops for a patient who is refusing to act in his/her own best interests. It’s hard to motivate yourself as a doctor to go the extra mile for the patient who just won’t make a genuine and persistent effort to exercise, lose weight, or stop smoking. Which brings us to -

Page 2 – Start your own Manhattan Project

Step 3: Start your own Manhattan Project

While it is important that your doctor take appropriate action to make sure you are not at imminent risk and to guide you to appropriate risk factor modification, the real responsibility rests with you. Successfully reducing your risk is something that happens only with your dedication, and it’s not easy. Doing what needs to be done often involves fundamental changes in both attitude and lifestyle of the sort that many people seem not to be able to accomplish. The degree of effort required is akin to the effort the US made to develop an atomic bomb during WWII. It was something that seemed to be barely possible, yet, if we did not do it the risk was high that either the Germans or the Japanese would beat us to the punch. So, against all the odds, we marshaled the resources and did it. And it’s a good thing we did.

This is exactly the kind of effort you need to make. Against the odds, you need to change your life. If you don’t you will suffer the consequences – possibly decades earlier than is necessary.

That the vast majority of patients who are in the high risk category end up making only half-hearted efforts to modify their risk may be related to the failure of primary care docs and cardiologists to stress the utter life-and-death importance of changing their lifestyles, to their use of “you really should” instead of “you must, or your children will be orphans.”

Is there any group of docs who have succeeded in getting their patients to stop whatever they’re doing, to suddenly focus every ounce of energy on regaining their health? Yes. The oncologists. Patients who are told they have cancer often put everything else on hold and steel themselves to doing whatever is necessary (whether surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy, often painful, and often lasting for months or years) to attempt a cure. This is the same attitude that patients ought to adopt who are told they are at high risk for heart attack, sudden death, or stroke. After all, being told you are at high risk for a cardiac event is not all that much different than being told you have cancer. Heart disease is often no less fatal, and the outcome no less dependent on your attitude and your active participation in doing what’s necessary. If anything, you have a much better chance of favorably altering the ultimate outcome than the average patient with cancer.

In general, the high-risk patients who are most successful are the ones who adopt a “change it all now” attitude – the ones who accept that a complete change in lifestyle is needed. They’ll stop smoking, adopt an exercise program and change their diet all at once. And they do it by making risk factor modification the central organizing theme of their lives. One day they’re a high-risk-lifestyle kind of person, and the next day they’re not. They take on all the modifiable risk factors at once – it becomes the chief focus of their lives until the new lifestyle is an ingrained habit (and they are a different person.) DrRich seen several of these patients achieve remarkable success.

The sort of lifestyle changes that are necessary to reduce the high risk we’re talking about here essentially amount to a complete transformation of attitude, something like the transformation of attitude Americans experienced at about 9 AM on 9/11/01. America became a different kind of country. These patients must become a different kind of person.

The more gradual approach to lifestyle changes, while seeming quite reasonable on its face, often does not work. If diet and exercise are postponed until smoking is stopped, for instance, think about what that means. The patient is essentially living the same kind of life they always did except they’re trying to stop smoking. Somehow the smoking never really stops, and and the diet and exercise never get addressed at all, and pretty soon a year or two or five go by – and then it’s too late.

There’s no a priori reason the gradual approach can’t work. The theory here, however, is that gradualism here simply reflects a constitutional failure to accept the deep-rooted changes that are really necessary. Gradualism, in other words, may reflect a lack of the sort of battle-ready attitude that is necessary to achieve the desired end.

Which risk factors need to be modified?

All the risk factors are important, and it is important to improve all the modifiable risk factors that count against you. Here is information on what those modifiable risk factors are, and what you can do to improve them: The cardiac risk factors and what you can do about them

Color depends on heart medication?

心脏病用药还要看肤色?

The inventor of BiDil tablets are the University of Minnesota cardiologist Keenboshi. As early as 80 years in the last century, he would try the original two kinds of heart disease in general efficacy of drugs mixed with a certain percentage of patients taking, we found a mixture of taking any of the efficacy of a drug than to be alone a lot better. However, in 1997, FDA rejected this called “BiDil” mix of drugs, because Keenboshi under the auspices of a clinical trial showed the drug on the general sense, the efficacy of mass is not significant in statistical no distinction between science and in placebo.
Keenboshi did not give up, through his analysis of the racial distribution of subjects and found that black patients respond to this drug in patients with significantly better than whites. In June 2001, he again BiDil for a new round of clinical trials, and only in black patients has been conducted. He found a total of 1050 black patients with heart disease, and give half of them were taking BiDil. The results of black patients taking BiDil reduced deaths by nearly half! Out of humanitarian considerations, Keenboshi in the July 2004 initiative to stop the comparative experiment, he let the other half of the original placebo patients taking into worship Dir.
Significant effect in the year after to make BiDil received FDA approval.

If BiDil is aimed at women or children, perhaps no problem, but BiDil is aimed at a particular race happens. Although different people eat different medicine is already a very common medical knowledge, but previously have only been made an issue of gender and age, no one would dare touch the race in this restricted area for fear of being labeled “racial discrimination” label.

The emergence of BiDil in the United States caused an uproar, opponents argue that the emergence of the drug will trigger a new round of discrimination against minorities, as this will prove to be black at the gene level are different from other races, and this point It is the theoretical basis for racist discrimination against blacks.

Racial issues in the United States is a very sensitive topic, any studies on racial issues must first be clear: What is the purpose of the study? There are some scientists working on the intellectual differences between different races, so there is little research to a practical meaning, and secondly, some people with ulterior motives can easily be used as a basis for racial discrimination. There are some scientists working on different race on the prevalence of different diseases, or the same treatment of the different reactions. Although the purpose of such research is to better saving lives, but still met with some opposition. Grounds for objection are: the concept of race is not a science, there is no biological basis.

Computer, these were divided into four large groups

To find out this problem, you must first take a look at the definition of race. Biological taxonomy of all life on the earth was divided into 6 – doors, the key link, eyes, family and genus, species, where “species” is a clear definition of the smallest one. “Planted” Here there are sub-species, varieties, species, and so different sub-groups, but in biology are not very clear on the definition of “race” is one of them. From an evolutionary perspective, the geographical environment factors such as gene flow among different groups, blocking is the main reason for sub-groups, produced, because a group of internally generated variability can not go to another group, so that constant, daily, variation piled up many different groups in the shape and structure will produce measurable differences. This definition in most animals is easy to implement, such as gorillas, can according to the length of body hair and color depth is divided into different sub-species, taxonomists In such a classification will not carry any emotional.

To a human here, the situation becomes complicated. First of all, the ability of movement of animals were stronger than a lot of genetic exchange between human beings but also much broader than the animals. The same exchange within the continent is not said that in recent centuries, Asia, Africa, the Americas and the exchange of genes between the Europeans are becoming increasingly easy, it is becoming increasingly popular, which generated a lot of communication between black people, between the white and yellow of the “hybrid”, such as the North African people, both Africans and Europeans on many of the features, while the Indians is both the characteristics of the three Asia, Africa and Europe, this phenomenon indicates that the human race division no longer clearly divided, but rather form a relatively continuous band, which gives the study of race has brought some difficulties.

Due to the existence of racial discrimination, this historical phenomenon, so that humanity in the face of their own race issues is hard not to somewhat emotional, and even with the demand for the interests of blatant prejudice. The history of the United States there had been such a provision: any point in the blood of black components are classified as black, but as long as blood is not 100% pure, you can not go under the name of the Indians. For whites, the blacks are slaves, of course, the better; while American Indians are indigenous people, had the right to take back their own land, is naturally little as possible. So with an obvious racial divide is clearly discriminatory inequalities, let alone science. In fact, precisely because of ethnicity, the problems arising from making sociologists prefer to use with the language and customs and other cultural factors, including “national (EthnicGroup)” to replace the concept of “race” is a pure biological concepts.

But studied only those who have years of living in one place, the “aboriginal”, their differences at the DNA level is certainly there. This year in February, an anthropologist at Stanford University conducted an anthropological history of the biggest experiment big changes in 326 gene loci on the 3636 volunteers of different races had DNA sequence analysis. They get the data entered into the computer, does not require a computer in advance of these data into several categories, but let the computer based on these data the difference between their own decisions. A result, the computer put them into four major groups, corresponding to blacks, whites, Asians and Hispanics (Hispanics, the United States as a unique refer to all Spaniards and South Americans), accuracy rate of 99.86%! This key experimental results show that the human race is the difference between the level of DNA. Whether called “race” or “ethnic” or, if you do not consider “hybrid” phenomenon, the difference has nothing to do with the strengths and weaknesses.

A point worth noting is that the experimental analysis of the 326 gene loci. If only a few analysis of the case, would not have such an outcome. In fact, as early as 2003, there were several American scientists studied the genetic polymorphism of Alu, they found that if a comprehensive 60 Alu loci polymorphism data, can be 90% accuracy rate in sub-Saharan Africans, Europeans and Asians to distinguish. However, if the study of 100 such Alu polymorphic loci, then the resolution accuracy rate can reach 100%. The study also found that there is no one there is only a particular Alu variation within a race, that is, the distinction between different ethnic groups is not reflected in a number of genes, but several allele frequency differences , that is, inter-ethnic differences are not across the board, but a probability. Many studies have shown that DNA variation within races accounted for the total variation Jiucheng the human race is only one difference between the into.

But even this into a difference enough to cause people of different races have different reactions to certain drugs. 2 Pennsylvania State University professor of anthropology, published in the United States in 2003, “Human Genome Science” magazine on the paper provided by the data show that different ethnic groups the probability of suffering from different diseases are different. For example, the HbS causing hemochromatosis gene, common in sub-Saharan Africans; cause cystic fibrosis, a variant of the CFTR gene ΔF508, is more common in the Nordic populations. Black prostate cancer, breast cancer, the incidence of heart disease and high blood pressure than whites, while the multiple sclerosis, skin cancer, osteoporosis and dementia are more common in white. Asians also have their own “Gate of Life”, coronary heart disease, obesity and non-insulin diabetes mellitus is Asians, “enemies.”

These differences enough to make more and more medical professionals to consider the development of different races for different drugs, which is leading to BiDil came out a reason. In this exploration process, a lot of sober scientists believe that the current classification of different ethnic groups according to treatment is temporary, and only in a deeper level understanding of why people of different races are different and better to do to prescribe the right remedy. For example, there is no BiDil find out why blacks would be good results. Some scientists believe that BiDil increases levels of nitric oxide in the human body, while Nitric oxide is an important molecule to maintain blood vessel elasticity. One study showed that can promote the body produce more nitric oxide in the share of alleles in whites was 60% in blacks, only 30%. Does this mean, precisely for this reason, so that the efficacy of BiDil in black body is more prominent? If this mechanism ultimately proved to be correct, then we need not rely on race and color can be used to determine whether the BiDil, measuring different patients in the blood of nitric oxide on the list.

This shows that the pill’s color really is a question of the right medicine. If you do not register the patient did Keenboshi race, BiDil for black patients may be impossible to show efficacy, there is no apparent efficacy in black patients, also do not cause medical research on this phenomenon more in-depth exploration of a new round of . This may be reflected from one side of the richness of human beings, has nothing to do with the merits of race.

Children with congenital heart disease the “perpetrators”
     Infection. Women in the first 3 months of pregnancy, especially pregnant 3 weeks -8 weeks, as were virus infection, fetal prone to cardiovascular malformations. Where rubella virus is the major cause fetal congenital heart disease culprit. In addition, influenza, mumps, Coxsackie virus, herpes virus, such as congenital heart disease in children tend to be the “perpetrators.”
小儿先心病的“作案者”
    Babies born in China each year there are about 7 ‰ to 11 ‰ for congenital cardiovascular abnormalities, to the family and society a huge burden of misery and deep. According to modern medical study found that can cause fetal cardiac malformations has the following seven kinds of risk factors:

  △ a family history of congenital heart disease. Brothers and sisters suffering from congenital heart disease at the same time, parents and children suffering from congenital heart disease at the same time the situation was quite rare, and it is very similar to the nature of their disease. If the first child born to mothers who suffer from congenital heart disease, the possibility of a second child ill about 2%; if two consecutive fetal congenital heart disease who Jie Wei, regeneration of infants with congenital heart disease may be increased to 10%. If the mothers suffering from congenital heart disease, the second-generation risk of suffering from the first disease was 10%.

△ pregnant women with diabetes and those without the treatment and control of disease, can cause the risk of fetal congenital heart disease was 2%, if the disease control stability during early pregnancy, then the risk is reduced.

△ contact with pregnant women in early pregnancy teratogenic drugs, such as lithium, phenytoin, or steroids, can lead to fetal congenital heart disease prevalence rate of 2%.

△ early pregnancy were exposed to radioactive substances, such as X-rays, isotopes such as overexposure.

△ virus infection. Women in the first 3 months of pregnancy, especially pregnant 3 weeks -8 weeks, as were virus infection, fetal prone to cardiovascular malformations. Where rubella virus is the major cause fetal congenital heart disease culprit. In addition, influenza, mumps, Coxsackie virus, herpes virus, such as congenital heart disease in children tend to be the “perpetrators.”

△ next of kin marriages. Next of kin marriage is to make the occurrence of fetal teratogenic risk factor for congenital heart disease.

△ bad habits. Pregnant women hobby “puff” or a husband-smoking, wife “passive smoking” can enable fetal malformation or congenital heart disease occur in children. The incidence of infants with congenital heart disease, infants born to smoking mothers are twice as non-smoking mothers. Husband and wife “drunken intercourse pregnancy”, fetal chromosome abnormalities will, gave birth to babies suffering from alcoholism, disease, most associated with cardiovascular abnormalities.

Early detection of children with congenital heart disease is essential for prenatal and postnatal care. 20 weeks -28 weeks of pregnancy, the use of cardiac ultrasound scanner aspect can be clearly identified whether the fetal heart “defect.” In addition, whether the fetus can be found in ascites or edema, etc., thus speculated that the fetus is suffering from heart malformations.

Congenital heart disease how to prevent it?
1. In the early stages of pregnancy (3 months ago) Do not try to front of the computer where strong magnetic fields such as microwave ovens to sit too long because this time the fetus is not a stable phase of the various organs is also being formed is likely to result in a child with congenital heart disease

2. Do not contact with pets pets of bacteria and microbes can also cause a child with congenital heart disease

what is Congenital heart disease is caused by?
      As the fetal heart during development of disturbance so that part of the development of a standstill or defects, and some were unable to complete degradation of the degradation caused by .

        Environmental factors surrounding a fetus within the uterus during early pregnancy to rubella virus infection after infection, often caused by more common patent ductus arteriosus and pulmonary stenosis followed by the Coxsackie virus (Coxsakie) can cause endocardial fibroelastosis In addition, amniotic membrane mechanical pressure around the lesion of fetal maternal nutrition, vitamin deficiency and metabolic diseases barriers to maternal use cytotoxic drugs, or a longer time may be related to radiation exposure are related Benbingfasheng .

2 5% of genetic factors in patients with congenital heart disease occurred in the same family the same or similar kinds of their disease may be due to genetic anomalies or chromosomal aberrations caused by

   Three other highland areas of patent ductus arteriosus and atrial septal defect that may have a higher prevalence of congenital heart disease and hypoxia related to some gender-biased

What are the performance of coronary heart disease and how to diagnose?
A clinical-like syndrome:

    According to their clinical coronary heart disease-like disease can be divided into five types:

   1 angina type: performance as a sternum pressing a sense of nausea after the swelling sense of anxiety associated with significant sustained 3-5 minutes often diverge to the left arm shoulder lower jaw and throat can also radiate into the back of his right arm. Sometimes involving these areas After the area without affecting the breastbone. forcefully emotional catch cold meal such as increase in myocardial oxygen consumption under attack is called angina pectoris with nitroglycerin for rest and ease the sometimes atypical angina pectoris can be expressed as gas-tight syncope Weakness belch, especially in the elderly according to the frequency and severity of attacks are divided into stable angina and unstable angina. stable angina refers to the onset of angina pectoris in January over parts of the frequency of their seizure severity continued to time to onset of labor-inducing size can ease the pain of nitroglycerin dosage is basically stable unstable angina refers to the original stable angina attack frequency increase in the duration of the severity or new onset of exertional angina pectoris ( occurred within 1 month) or when the onset of resting angina with unstable angina pectoris is a precursor of acute myocardial infarction is why, once discovered should be immediately to the hospital.

    Type 2 myocardial infarction: infarction often occurs about a week before the prodromal symptoms such as resting and mild physical activity during the onset of angina pectoris with obvious discomfort and fatigue infarction presenting with persistent severe oppressive sense of boredom or even a knife-like plug After the pain in the sternum often affect the entire chest to the left as the most important part of the patient can extend his left arm caused by radiation down the left side of the wrist ulnar palm and fingers, tingling and some patients may be radiation to the upper jaw to the left shoulder and neck pain-based site location consistent with previous angina pain, but continued much longer with more emphasis on rest and nitroglycerin does not relieve the performance of upper abdominal pain is sometimes easy to be confused with abdominal disease, irritability accompanied by low-heat, and cold sweat, nausea, sweating vomiting, dizziness, palpitations very weak sense of difficulty in breathing for 30 minutes or more near-death for several hours often find this situation should seek medical attention immediately

How the early detection of coronary artery disease?

  Coronary heart disease is the common diseases and frequently-occurring disease in the elderly in this age group phase of the people in their daily lives if the following conditions must be promptly for medical treatment early detection of coronary artery disease

(1) fatigue or mental stress or after sternum when precordial Mentong or contraction-like pain in left shoulder and left upper arm to the radiation lasting 3-5 minutes after the break on their own remission

(2) physical activity, chest tightness, palpitation and shortness of breath when at rest on their own remission

(3) The emergence and exercise-related leg pain such as headache, toothache

(4) eat too much cold or watching a movie thriller palpitations chest pain who

(5) night of sleep to feel chest tightness, low pillow suffocating pillow lying side require a high comfort persons; sleeping supine position during the day when a sudden chest pain or palpitations shortness of breath requiring immediate sit or stand can be reduced by

(6) sexual life or forceful defecation flustered when shortness of breath or chest pains, chest discomfort

(7) heard the noise they were chest tightness caused by flustered

(8) recurring pulse arrhythmia of unknown causes too fast or too slow heart rate were

  For the early detection of coronary heart disease over 40 years of age who regularly do the following test:

       If the test results are not normal or have other risk factors for susceptibility to coronary heart disease should be one or more times every five years for blood cholesterol tests

    Blood pressure checks every year to make a

    A year to make a blood glucose testing

     If it is a high risk of coronary heart disease should ask the doctor to see if you need to receive ECG if you need further examination will be arranged for a doctor to do an exercise test to measure a fixed pin in the foot car or foot treadmill ECG machine

    Coronary angiography is the surest method of diagnosis of coronary heart disease

    3 silent myocardial ischemic: Many patients have a wide range of coronary artery occlusion did not feel that some patients who had angina pectoris or even myocardial infarction angina when some patients did not feel that the occurrence of sudden cardiac death in heart attack routine physical examination found that before being discovered. some patients with ischemic ECG manifestations because the arrhythmia occurred or because the exercise test positive for coronary angiography being done only to find that such patients are sudden cardiac death and myocardial infarction and angina patients the opportunity to, like it should be Note that usually the heart of the health-care

   4 heart failure and arrhythmia type: some patients with angina pectoris after the original lesion due to extensive myocardial fibrosis in a wide range gradually reduced to the disappearance of angina heart failure have occurred in the performance such as air-tight edema, fatigue, etc. There are a variety of arrhythmias manifested as palpitations. There are some patients with angina pectoris has never directly expressed as heart failure and arrhythmias

   5 sudden death type: that due to coronary heart disease caused by unpredictable sudden death in patients with acute onset of symptoms occurred within 6 hours after cardiac arrest due to mainly due to myocardial ischemia caused by abnormal electrophysiological activity lead to serious arrhythmia

2. Signs:

   In general no clear positive signs of early heavy can determined to expand the sector to the left under the first heart sound can be heard when the weakened with arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation with heart failure, and premature beats when the two can be heard under the lungs and wet rales can be heard and the apical gallop, etc.

The risk of chest pain can not be ignored warning

胸痛 不容忽视的危险警示

      “Squeezing chest suddenly appeared a large area of pain, this is a very dangerous warning, suggesting that there may be acute cardiovascular events such as acute myocardial infarction there needs to immediately go to the hospital!” Well of Cardiology, Medical Hospitals, deputy director of the Wo-dong Wu stressed that the Chest pain is often a precursor of acute myocardial infarction, but there are many patients clinically this “warning” does not pay sufficient attention to a delay of several hours to the hospital and lost the best treatment time.

The greater the scope the more intense chest pain and myocardial infarction

     Myocardial infarction is the most common cardiac emergency, most patients when the disease is the most common symptoms of chest pain. Acute myocardial infarction due to chest pain and general pain, not the same, chest pain concentrated in the upper abdomen, often expressed as squeezing kind of pain, but persistent pain in a large area of the entire piece. Pain, patients are often cold sweats, sudden change in his face. Wu Wo-dong, said the event of such a chest pain, and patients themselves have diabetes, hypertension, family history of coronary heart disease, age above 40 years old, must not be taken lightly, the need immediately to the hospital for treatment.

    In general, the extent of chest pain and myocardial infarction scope, location is proportional to the relationship. Larger infarct size, location more chest pain will be more intense. If the patient began to show mild chest pain, then pain can not tolerate even more severe, indicating the scope of more and more extensive myocardial infarction, or infarction of the area increased, more dangerous.

   The longer the delay the higher mortality rate

        “Chest pain, within two minutes if we can realize that this may be a harbinger of acute cardiovascular events, immediately go to the hospital, we will have to secure the best time for treatment. But in fact we have encountered many patients, chest pain, after its snack drug or rub points, oil, dragged on for two or three hours or even 56 hours before go to the hospital, a number of patients to the hospital has been shock. “Wo-Wu Dong said, myocardial infarction for too long will lead to myocardial necrosis, high mortality rate. Studies have shown that acute myocardial infarction during the 1 minute’s delay, the success rate of CPR will be declined 7% to 10%.

    Therefore, Wu Wo-dong proposal, a major area of crushing chest pain and I have a heart attack in patients with risk factors, they should first call 120 emergency call. Before the arrival of the medical staff, patients, oral administration of nitroglycerin tablets or amyl nitrite vasodilators such as quick at the same time you can take a deep breath and then forced coughing, which are effective for self-rescue.