The emergence of BiDil in the United States caused an uproar, opponents argue that the emergence of the drug will trigger a new round of discrimination against minorities, as this will prove to be black at the gene level are different from other races, and this point It is the theoretical basis for racist discrimination against blacks.
Racial issues in the United States is a very sensitive topic, any studies on racial issues must first be clear: What is the purpose of the study? There are some scientists working on the intellectual differences between different races, so there is little research to a practical meaning, and secondly, some people with ulterior motives can easily be used as a basis for racial discrimination. There are some scientists working on different race on the prevalence of different diseases, or the same treatment of the different reactions. Although the purpose of such research is to better saving lives, but still met with some opposition. Grounds for objection are: the concept of race is not a science, there is no biological basis.
Computer, these were divided into four large groups
To find out this problem, you must first take a look at the definition of race. Biological taxonomy of all life on the earth was divided into 6 – doors, the key link, eyes, family and genus, species, where “species” is a clear definition of the smallest one. “Planted” Here there are sub-species, varieties, species, and so different sub-groups, but in biology are not very clear on the definition of “race” is one of them. From an evolutionary perspective, the geographical environment factors such as gene flow among different groups, blocking is the main reason for sub-groups, produced, because a group of internally generated variability can not go to another group, so that constant, daily, variation piled up many different groups in the shape and structure will produce measurable differences. This definition in most animals is easy to implement, such as gorillas, can according to the length of body hair and color depth is divided into different sub-species, taxonomists In such a classification will not carry any emotional.
To a human here, the situation becomes complicated. First of all, the ability of movement of animals were stronger than a lot of genetic exchange between human beings but also much broader than the animals. The same exchange within the continent is not said that in recent centuries, Asia, Africa, the Americas and the exchange of genes between the Europeans are becoming increasingly easy, it is becoming increasingly popular, which generated a lot of communication between black people, between the white and yellow of the “hybrid”, such as the North African people, both Africans and Europeans on many of the features, while the Indians is both the characteristics of the three Asia, Africa and Europe, this phenomenon indicates that the human race division no longer clearly divided, but rather form a relatively continuous band, which gives the study of race has brought some difficulties.
Due to the existence of racial discrimination, this historical phenomenon, so that humanity in the face of their own race issues is hard not to somewhat emotional, and even with the demand for the interests of blatant prejudice. The history of the United States there had been such a provision: any point in the blood of black components are classified as black, but as long as blood is not 100% pure, you can not go under the name of the Indians. For whites, the blacks are slaves, of course, the better; while American Indians are indigenous people, had the right to take back their own land, is naturally little as possible. So with an obvious racial divide is clearly discriminatory inequalities, let alone science. In fact, precisely because of ethnicity, the problems arising from making sociologists prefer to use with the language and customs and other cultural factors, including “national (EthnicGroup)” to replace the concept of “race” is a pure biological concepts.
A point worth noting is that the experimental analysis of the 326 gene loci. If only a few analysis of the case, would not have such an outcome. In fact, as early as 2003, there were several American scientists studied the genetic polymorphism of Alu, they found that if a comprehensive 60 Alu loci polymorphism data, can be 90% accuracy rate in sub-Saharan Africans, Europeans and Asians to distinguish. However, if the study of 100 such Alu polymorphic loci, then the resolution accuracy rate can reach 100%. The study also found that there is no one there is only a particular Alu variation within a race, that is, the distinction between different ethnic groups is not reflected in a number of genes, but several allele frequency differences , that is, inter-ethnic differences are not across the board, but a probability. Many studies have shown that DNA variation within races accounted for the total variation Jiucheng the human race is only one difference between the into.
But even this into a difference enough to cause people of different races have different reactions to certain drugs. 2 Pennsylvania State University professor of anthropology, published in the United States in 2003, “Human Genome Science” magazine on the paper provided by the data show that different ethnic groups the probability of suffering from different diseases are different. For example, the HbS causing hemochromatosis gene, common in sub-Saharan Africans; cause cystic fibrosis, a variant of the CFTR gene ΔF508, is more common in the Nordic populations. Black prostate cancer, breast cancer, the incidence of heart disease and high blood pressure than whites, while the multiple sclerosis, skin cancer, osteoporosis and dementia are more common in white. Asians also have their own “Gate of Life”, coronary heart disease, obesity and non-insulin diabetes mellitus is Asians, “enemies.”
These differences enough to make more and more medical professionals to consider the development of different races for different drugs, which is leading to BiDil came out a reason. In this exploration process, a lot of sober scientists believe that the current classification of different ethnic groups according to treatment is temporary, and only in a deeper level understanding of why people of different races are different and better to do to prescribe the right remedy. For example, there is no BiDil find out why blacks would be good results. Some scientists believe that BiDil increases levels of nitric oxide in the human body, while Nitric oxide is an important molecule to maintain blood vessel elasticity. One study showed that can promote the body produce more nitric oxide in the share of alleles in whites was 60% in blacks, only 30%. Does this mean, precisely for this reason, so that the efficacy of BiDil in black body is more prominent? If this mechanism ultimately proved to be correct, then we need not rely on race and color can be used to determine whether the BiDil, measuring different patients in the blood of nitric oxide on the list.
This shows that the pill’s color really is a question of the right medicine. If you do not register the patient did Keenboshi race, BiDil for black patients may be impossible to show efficacy, there is no apparent efficacy in black patients, also do not cause medical research on this phenomenon more in-depth exploration of a new round of . This may be reflected from one side of the richness of human beings, has nothing to do with the merits of race.
